Everything we are meant to be in terms of how we look and how our bodily functions will operate is encoded in DNA. Human beings have double-stranded DNA, with a helical structure. If we compare our DNA with each other, 99.1% will be exactly similar to each other. So the remaining 0.9% will determine the defections we have. Only monozygotic twins will have the same DNA. DNA is made up of nucleotides that are made up of purines and pyrimidines called A, G, C, U, T. So basically it’s repeating these sequences over and over again.
Subtítulo : Telomeres, the key to aging and cancer reduction.
Source : miracosta structure.
At the end of each DNA, there is a repeat sequence called a telomere (AGG GTT), which is repeated more than 2,500 times in humans. Whenever new cells or proteins are to be made, the information is taken from the DNA and used to make them. Every time this is done, the repetitions with the telomere decrease, not everything is copied and the information is lost. When this is done for a long time progressively, the cells become less functional with each repair and aging ensues.
However, there is an enzyme called telomerase that makes sure that telomeres are copied as they are. They are found in our reproductive cells and stem cells, but not in our organs and skin. Unfortunately, cancer cells have these enzymes called telomerase that ensure immortality if provided with nutrition. But they die with their host while being killed.
Subtitle : looking at age and cancer.
Source : Scienceblog.cancserreseachuk
Click to read about “Human Anatomy of the Superior Colliculus and its Functionalities”.
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